Control transformers are devices that work on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It is mainly composed of a primary coil and a secondary coil, and the secondary coil is usually located outside the primary coil. When AC is passed through the primary coil, the transformer core will generate an alternating magnetic field, which will induce the secondary coil, thereby generating an induced electromotive force in the secondary coil. According to the law of electromagnetic induction, the voltage ratio of the primary coil and the secondary coil is equal to their turns ratio. This means that by changing the turns ratio of the coil, the voltage can be changed.
Implementation method of precise voltage regulation
No-load voltage regulation:
Principle: No-load voltage regulation is to change the number of turns of the coil by changing the position of the tap switch when the transformer is powered off, thereby adjusting the output voltage.
Application: This method is suitable for occasions where voltage accuracy is not required and can withstand short power outages.
Features: Simple operation, but power off is required during the adjustment process, which may affect the continuous operation of the system.
On-load voltage regulation:
Principle: On-load voltage regulation is to switch from one tap to another tap without cutting off the load current when the transformer is energized, thereby changing the transformer's transformation ratio and adjusting the output voltage.
Application: This method is suitable for occasions with high voltage accuracy requirements and continuous operation, such as distribution transformers in power systems.
Features: The operation is complicated, but the voltage can be adjusted without affecting the operation of the system, which improves the stability and reliability of the system.
Control by relays:
Principle: The switch of the tap is accurately controlled by automatic control elements such as relays, so as to achieve fine adjustment of the output voltage.
Application: This method is suitable for occasions that require automated control, such as voltage regulation in smart grids.
Features: High regulation accuracy, remote control and automated management can be achieved.
Considerations in practical applications
In practical applications, the choice of which voltage regulation method needs to consider a variety of factors, such as the system's voltage accuracy requirements, the system's continuous operation requirements, the cost of the equipment, and the difficulty of maintenance. At the same time, attention should also be paid to the capacity and load of the transformer to ensure the stability and reliability of voltage regulation.
The control transformer realizes voltage conversion through the principle of electromagnetic induction, and realizes precise voltage regulation through no-load voltage regulation, on-load voltage regulation and relay control. These regulation methods have their own advantages and disadvantages and are suitable for different occasions and needs. In practical applications, it is necessary to select the appropriate regulation method according to the specific situation to ensure the stable operation of the system and the precise control of voltage.
